Author Topic: The New Iraq, Five Years and Counting: Current Discussion Thread
Jediflyer 
Registered: Dec '01
6475_Corran Horn
Date Posted: 1/12 9:25am Subject: RE: The New Iraq, Four Years and Counting: Current Discussion Thread - Date Edited: 1/12 9:28am (1 edits total) Edited By: Jediflyer
Kimball, if that was true, why did the Bush administration push for another security council resolution in 2002 and then giving up with the security council in 2003 when they wouldn't pass a new resolution?


Everyone agreed that 678 gave the authorization up to and including regime change in Iraq. Everyone also agreed that 678 gave the authorization to enforce later resolutions (such as 687, or even 1441). Enforcement of the no-fly zones was authorized through 678, as was Operation Desert Fox. Both of those were attacks on Iraq that would have been illegal without UN authorization, and yet most people accept that they were legal.


And 2/3rds of the security council along with the Secretary General agreed that 678 and follow-on resoultions did not authorize an invasion of Iraq.


Finally, after the invasion, UNSCR 1483 acknowledged the US and the UK as having legitimate authority in Iraq.


Which made the occupation legal, but not the initial invasion.


Now, if the authority granted included th authority for invasion, and that authority was used legally for over a decade to conduct military operations in and against Iraq (even though it was only used on a smaller scale), then how was the full invasion not authorized? Where was any requirement for a separate authorization included in the first authorization or a later resolution?


UNSCR 660 did not authorize invasion of Iraq. It only called for the withdrawal of Iraqi troops from Kuwait, which is what Gulf War I did when acting on UNSCR 687. Unless you can show me any security council resolutions authorizing the overthrow of the Iraqi government or a full scale invasion, 687 was not a legit basis for the Iraq War.

 

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Kimball_Kinnison 
Registered: Oct '01
6249_Veers
Date Posted: 1/12 9:42am Subject: RE: The New Iraq, Four Years and Counting: Current Discussion Thread - Date Edited: 1/12 9:49am (1 edits total) Edited By: Kimball_Kinnison
Jediflyer posted:
Kimball, if that was true, why did the Bush administration push for another security council resolution in 2002 and then giving up with the security council in 2003 when they wouldn't pass a new resolution?
That is not proof that a further resolution was needed. It's not uncommon to have multiple treaties that don't really change or add much from prior ones in order to reaffirm the previous ones. Similarly, looking over the list of UNSCRs relating to Iraq, they often passed new ones that covered the exact same things in prior ones as a way of reaffirming them.

Jediflyer posted:
And 2/3rds of the security council along with the Secretary General agreed that 678 and follow-on resoultions did not authorize an invasion of Iraq.
Your source? Mind you, that source had better be from when 678 was passed, not someone who decides to change its meaning later.

Jediflyer posted:
Which made the occupation legal, but not the initial invasion.
How could the act of occupying the nation be legal if the act of invading it was illegal? That is not at all logically consistent.

Jediflyer posted:
UNSCR 660 did not authorize invasion of Iraq. It only called for the withdrawal of Iraqi troops from Kuwait, which is what Gulf War I did when acting on UNSCR 687. Unless you can show me any security council resolutions authorizing the overthrow of the Iraqi government or a full scale invasion, 687 was not a legit basis for the Iraq War.
No, 660 didn't authorize an invasion. 678 did. I quote:
UNSCR 678 posted:
Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter,

1. Demands that Iraq comply fully with resolution 660 (1990) and all subsequent relevant resolutions, and decides, while maintaining all its decisions, to allow Iraq one final opportunity, as a pause of goodwil, to do so;

2. Authorizes Member States co-operating with the Government of Kuwait, unless Iraq on or before 15 January 1991 fully implements, as set forth in paragraph 1 above, the above-mentioned resolutions, to use all necessary means to uphold and implement resolution 660 (1990) and all subsequent relevant resolutions and to restore international peace and security in the area;

3. Requests all States to provide appropriate support for the actions undertaken in pursuance of paragraph 2 of the present resolution;

4. Requests the States concerned to keep the Security Council regularly informed on the progress of actions undertaken pursuant to paragraphs 2 and 3 of the present resolution;

5. Decides to remain seized of the matter.
678 authorized far more than simply implementing 660. It also authorized using "all necessary means" to implement "all subsequent relevant resolutions", a list which pretty much all experts have agreed included later resolutions.

Tell me, if 678 didn't authorize the implementation of later resolutions, under what authority were the no-fly zones established and enforced (enforcing resolution 688)? Under what authority were the missile strikes in Operation Desert Fox made (enforcing resolution 687)?

Or are you going to claim that those were illegal acts as well?

The grant of authority in 678 was not limited to everything up to, but not including, invasion and regime change. I wasn't limited. Strictly speaking, it would authorize the use of nuclear weapons against Iraq (which was brought up in 1991 with the possibility of Iraq using chemical weapons). That authority was not rescinded by 687, because it was later used to enforce 687. (Note that 687 does not include an authorization to use force in and of itself, but it does reaffirm 678.)

Either the US had the authority to act under 678, or it didn't. If it didn't, then the no-fly zones were illegal, as were the semi-regular missile attacks and operations against Iraq throughout the 1990s. If those actions were legal, then the US did have the authority under 678, and it continued to have that authority up to and including the invasion of Iraq. The resolution itself doesn't limit that authority to any certain level.

Kimball Kinnison

EDIT:

A quick review of the resolutions in question:

660 called for the removal of Iraq from Kuwait
678 authorized the use of force
687 was the cease fire
688 called for an end to the repression of the Kurds in Iraq
1441 was the "last chance" resolution
1483 recognized the occupation as legitimate (the official UN link was too long)

 

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Jediflyer 
Registered: Dec '01
6475_Corran Horn
Date Posted: 1/12 10:02am Subject: RE: The New Iraq, Four Years and Counting: Current Discussion Thread
Your source? Mind you, that source had better be from when 678 was passed, not someone who decides to change its meaning later.

China, Russia, and France said so, as did Secretary General Annan. And their views are perfectly valid in 2003 unless they contradicted their positions from 1991.

How could the act of occupying the nation be legal if the act of invading it was illegal? That is not at all logically consistent.

It happened in Kosovo and is logically consistent. Invasion may not be allowed, but after it has happened, what is the best course forward?

No, 660 didn't authorize an invasion. 678 did.

all subsequent relevant resolutions and to restore international peace and security in the area;

Conviently, the UNSC recalled and affirmed those subsequent resolutions in 678:


Recalling, and reaffirming its resolutions 660 (1990) of 2 August (1990), 661 (1990) of 6 August 1990, 662 (1990) of 9 August 1990, 664 (1990) of 18 August 1990, 665 (1990) of 25 August 1990, 666 (1990) of 13 September 1990, 667 (1990) of 16 September 1990, 669 (1990) of 24 September 1990, 670 (1990) of 25 September 1990, 674 (1990) of of 29 October 1990 and 677 (1990) of 28 November 1990.

Noting that, despite all efforts by the United Nations, Iraq refuses to comply with its obligation to implement resolution 660 (1990) and the above-mentioned subsequent relevant resolutions, in flagrant contempt of the Security Council,




Or are you going to claim that those were illegal acts as well?


Yes. And so did just about every other country in the world except Britain and the U.S.



 

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Kimball_Kinnison 
Registered: Oct '01
6249_Veers
Date Posted: 1/12 10:38am Subject: RE: The New Iraq, Four Years and Counting: Current Discussion Thread
Jediflyer,

What it boils down to in the end is the same point I made to you over the "pocket veto" issue a few weeks ago.

It's not outright illegal. There are those who argue that it is, but there are also very rational, logical, and well sourced arguments that say that it was legal. At best you can say that it may have been illegal. There's no way that you can definitively say that.

My biggest problem is that you are taking your opinion that it was illegal and treating it as if it were fact. It's not. It's your opinion only.

As for the list of "subsequent relevant resolutions", every Iraq-related resolution after 678 reaffirmed 678's authority. For example, 687 states:
UNSCR 687 posted:
1. Affirms all thirteen resolutions noted above, except as expressly changed below to achieve the goals of this resolution, including a formal cease-fire;
Nothing that came after changed the authorization to use force.

It's also important to note that it wasn't a peace treaty, bus simply a cease fire, contingent upon Iraq's compliance. One of the core principles of any cease fire is that upon the violation of the cease fire by either side, it can become null and void, and hostilities can resume under the original conflict.

Notice also that 687 doesn't rescind the authorization in 678, an authorization to do more than just remove Iraq from Kuwait, but also to restore peace and security to the region. Upon the violation of the cease fire (as documented in numerous UNSCRs up to and including 1441 - I'll give you the full list if you want), the authorization to use force gien in 678, even if it had been rescinded in 687, would return in full force.

Kimball Kinnison

 

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yankee8255 
Registered: May '05
23980_Luke
Date Posted: 1/13 11:50pm Subject: RE: The New Iraq, Four Years and Counting: Current Discussion Thread
Kimball_Kinnison posted:
I'm sorry, both of you, but if you want to play at being armchair generals, you can't just pull out the amateur card to get out of it.

Both of you criticized the administration for not following the "Powell Doctrine" of overwhelming force. It's time for you to either back up your claims or retract them.

How do you know that it wasn't overwhelming force? How are you defining that term? How does that compare to how it was defined within the context of the Powell Doctrine (as Mr44 pointed out before)? Where the two disagree, why is your criteria better?

If you are simply going to parrot what other people say, then you need to give the basis for why their arguments are valid. What criteria are they using? Why is that criteria appropriate?

If you don't give that information, there's really no basis to your argument that can be either supported or refuted. All you are doing is the equivalent of a "drive by" declaration of "I think it's a mess". You aren't really adding anything to the discussion.

Just because someone says something doesn't make it right. That's simply an appeal to authority fallacy. You need to be able to support why they are right. Neither of you are doing that. You are simply taking their statements on faith because you agree with the results.

Kimball Kinnison


Took me a while to find this -- it's from a speech given by Powell's former chief of staff and a retired military officer, Lawrence Wilkerson, on the topic of decisive /overwhelming force. I think it backs up my point pretty darned well. The speech is mainly about the intelligence failure regarding WMD (it's the speech where he refers to the Cheney-Rumsfeld cabal). The implication is clearly -- Cheney and Rumsfeld thought they could take care of Iraq on the cheap:


Wilkerson posted:
Don Rumsfeld and Dick Cheney, from the business world – how much influence
on their decisions? I think a lot – in how much the decisions reflect their connections
with the cartels and the corporations and so forth, I think a lot. I think the president, too.
You bring this sort of idea that the bottom line is everything.
I will tell you, as a military man, the bottom line is not everything. It’s far from
everything. One of the reasons Colin Powell answered the question when he was asked,
after the first Gulf War, why he sent five carriers – one of the reasons he said because he
didn’t have six – (scattered laughter) – was because he understood that the bottom line is
not everything. When you start taking a paring knife to the military to cut it -- like a
businessman would cut his business -- you are damaging and perhaps destroying the
potential of that military to win future conflicts. You never know what you are going to
need on the battlefield, so you’d better have six of them. Five of them won’t show up,
four of them won’t be able to communicate, and I could go on. But you need overlap,
you need redundancy. You need, as Powell used to say “decisive force.” People say he
said “overwhelming force;” most often he said “decisive force.” And when you are
dealing with government in many ways, whether it’s Katrina, Rita, responding to a
nuclear attack or whatever, you’d better have 10 cases of water where you think you need
one. You’d better have 15 million MREs where you think you need only a million
because you never know in a crisis, and the best way to be prepared is to have lots more
than you think you’re going to need or want. And that’s just the reality of the way you do
business in government and in the military as opposed to the way you do it at GE – oh, I
shouldn’t use GE – (scattered laughter) – you know, wherever you do business. It’s very
– it’s a very different environment. So when you have businessmen making the decisions
within government, it’s not necessarily bad, but you’ve got to be willing to listen to other
people who might have different opinions to those you have.



 

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Kimball_Kinnison 
Registered: Oct '01
6249_Veers
Date Posted: 1/14 10:07am Subject: RE: The New Iraq, Four Years and Counting: Current Discussion Thread
yankee8255 posted:
Took me a while to find this -- it's from a speech given by Powell's former chief of staff and a retired military officer, Lawrence Wilkerson, on the topic of decisive /overwhelming force. I think it backs up my point pretty darned well. The speech is mainly about the intelligence failure regarding WMD (it's the speech where he refers to the Cheney-Rumsfeld cabal). The implication is clearly -- Cheney and Rumsfeld thought they could take care of Iraq on the cheap:


Wilkerson posted:
Don Rumsfeld and Dick Cheney, from the business world – how much influence
on their decisions? I think a lot – in how much the decisions reflect their connections
with the cartels and the corporations and so forth, I think a lot. I think the president, too.
You bring this sort of idea that the bottom line is everything.
I will tell you, as a military man, the bottom line is not everything. It’s far from
everything. One of the reasons Colin Powell answered the question when he was asked,
after the first Gulf War, why he sent five carriers – one of the reasons he said because he
didn’t have six – (scattered laughter) – was because he understood that the bottom line is
not everything. When you start taking a paring knife to the military to cut it -- like a
businessman would cut his business -- you are damaging and perhaps destroying the
potential of that military to win future conflicts. You never know what you are going to
need on the battlefield, so you’d better have six of them. Five of them won’t show up,
four of them won’t be able to communicate, and I could go on. But you need overlap,
you need redundancy. You need, as Powell used to say “decisive force.” People say he
said “overwhelming force;” most often he said “decisive force.” And when you are
dealing with government in many ways, whether it’s Katrina, Rita, responding to a
nuclear attack or whatever, you’d better have 10 cases of water where you think you need
one. You’d better have 15 million MREs where you think you need only a million
because you never know in a crisis, and the best way to be prepared is to have lots more
than you think you’re going to need or want. And that’s just the reality of the way you do
business in government and in the military as opposed to the way you do it at GE – oh, I
shouldn’t use GE – (scattered laughter) – you know, wherever you do business. It’s very
– it’s a very different environment. So when you have businessmen making the decisions
within government, it’s not necessarily bad, but you’ve got to be willing to listen to other
people who might have different opinions to those you have.

There's a bit of a problem with this quote as a support to your argument (in addition to the fact that you don't give any citation for fact checking purposes - I'd appreciate a link to the source if possible, or at least the date and location of the speech, to read the whole thing in context).

He talks about taking a "paring knife to the military to cut it", but the vast majority of the cuts in the military were implemented or instigated before either Rumsfeld or Cheney were in office. Military cuts don't happen overnight, nor do buildups. They take years, and sometimes decades. For the most part, the size and structure of the military between 2001 (when they entered office) until 2003 (the Iraq invasion) was already determined and set in stone before Bush's first terms ever started. The first opportunity that Bush would have had to propose increasing the budget for the military would have been for FY2002 (which started Oct 2001). That essentially gives one year of budgeting and planning to build up the military before the invasion of Iraq (as the buildup was already starting as FY2003 began in Oct 2002).

At its core, that is the root of Rumsfeld's "You go to war with the army you have" comment.

It would have easily taken years to be able to build up the military to the levels some people today are saying we should have had going into Iraq, especially once you factor in training new troops. (My brother-in-law spent over a year in basic and receiving his specialist training after he joined the National Guard, although his case was not typical). Even if you look back to the 1980s and Reagan's military buildup, it took virtually his entire 8-year term to carry it out. Clinton spent much of the 1990s cutting the military (some of which was needed as the military refocused after the Cold War), and more cuts were already set in stone when Bush entered office.

Kimball Kinnison

 

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Mr44 
Registered: May '02
Date Posted: 1/14 10:54am Subject: RE: The New Iraq, Four Years and Counting: Current Discussion Thread
And Yankee, you're also forgetting one important aspect of what that speech doesn't mention.

Wilkerson wasn't a politician, he was a career officer. By nature, soldiers have different concerns than politicians. But there is a reason why the Commander in Chief of the military isn't a career officer, but rather a civilian, and it relates directly to the concept of checks and balances. Ideally, you want to strike a balance between the two while supporting this division.

In his speech, Wilkerson mentions that Powell would have sent 6 carrier groups, except he only had 5 available. Except at the time of Desert Storm, I believe the US had a total of 10 carrier groups, so even Wilkerson realized that you have to put limits on what you use. Wouldn't Desert Storm have been even more successful had all 10 carriers participated in the mission instead of 5?

How did deploying only 50% of the available carrier resources still meet the definition of decisive force during Desert Storm? (the answer relates to assumption of risk, political concerns, ongoing commitments, and fiscal realities all wrapped up into one.)

 

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Darth Mischievous 
Registered: Oct '99
40336_Luke Skywalker
Date Posted: 1/27 10:10pm Subject: RE: The New Iraq, Four Years and Counting: Current Discussion Thread
In case any of you didn't get a chance to see it on 60 Minutes, Interrogator Shares Saddam's Confessions. FBI agent George Piro talks with Scott Pelley about the lengthy interrogation of Saddam Hussein...

It is a very interesting interview.... It seems, according to Saddam, that the invasion of Kuwait was triggered by a personal insult.

 

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Ender_Sai 
Title: Manager Emeritus
Registered: Feb '01
44324_Kyle Katarn
Date Posted: 1/27 10:20pm Subject: RE: The New Iraq, Four Years and Counting: Current Discussion Thread
Really? raised_brow

No mention of the billions of dollars in debt that Saddam owed Kuwait and Saudi Arabia following the Iran-Iraq war and the decimated Iraqi infrastructure?

I call sensationalism. wink

ES

 

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Darth Mischievous 
Registered: Oct '99
40336_Luke Skywalker
Date Posted: 1/27 10:27pm Subject: RE: The New Iraq, Four Years and Counting: Current Discussion Thread - Date Edited: 1/27 10:28pm (1 edits total) Edited By: Darth Mischievous
Perhaps you should watch the interview before formulating an opinion, E_S. The agent interviewed Saddam for months and was able to gain Hussein's personal trust, enabling great insight into the dictator's decision making and thought processes.

 

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Ender_Sai 
Title: Manager Emeritus
Registered: Feb '01
44324_Kyle Katarn
Date Posted: 1/27 10:53pm Subject: RE: The New Iraq, Four Years and Counting: Current Discussion Thread
I thought everyone was aware that Saddam knew he couldn't repay his debts, and could easily conquer Kuwait. Hell, even the US State Dept was embroiled in a suggestion that they greenlit the invasion.

Is the interviewee still a serving FBI officer?

ES

 

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Mr44 
Registered: May '02
Date Posted: 1/27 11:46pm Subject: RE: The New Iraq, Four Years and Counting: Current Discussion Thread
I didn't see the entire interview but I think the personal insult account is probably accurate, from Saddam's view at least. While things like the war debt and the lost revenue were the rationale, the insult was the straw that broke the camel's back, so to speak, and is what kicked off the actual hostilities.

Also, isn't this the same interview that revealed that Saddam never expected the US to invade, and he had purposefully planned on keeping the entire "sanction affair" in limbo for years to come?

 

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LostOnHoth 
Registered: Feb '00
43871_Stormtrooper Loser
Date Posted: 1/28 12:47am Subject: RE: The New Iraq, Four Years and Counting: Current Discussion Thread
Just finished a really interesting book "The view from the valley of hell" by Mark Willacy, an Australian ABC correspondent who was stationed in the Middle East for four years. He won a Walkley Award for his coverage of the US invasion of Iraq and covered the first elections.

He tells an interesting story of how hordes of Iraqis flocked to the Ministry responsible for births, deaths and marriages to change their names from Saddam to something else after Saddam's regime fell. Apparantly Saddam gave tax and other rebates to families who named their children Saddam and so Saddam became a popular name. Now, people are ridding themselves of the Saddam monicker in the thousands. Interestingly, he tells of a new fad- naming children 'Bush' or George' although apparently that fad appears to be relatively shortlived as the occupation wears on.



 

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SuperWatto 
Registered: Sep '00
6870_Watto
Date Posted: 1/28 1:02am Subject: RE: The New Iraq, Four Years and Counting: Current Discussion Thread
Poor Americans... You started a war five years ago, and you're still debating if it was the right thing to do, with the exact same arguments.

Removing a dictator is good. Still happy you got rid of Milosevich. But the invasion of Iraq was just the wrong place at the wrong time - and it's a capital crime to try and sell it as part of the 'war on terror'.

 

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DarthBoba 
Registered: Jun '00
8187_Luke Skywalker
Date Posted: 1/29 8:04am Subject: RE: The New Iraq, Four Years and Counting: Current Discussion Thread
A side note on Milosevich-apparently he was dug up and staked through the heart after he died. tongue


http://www.ananova.com/news/story/sm_2229686.html?menu=news.quirkies


Way to go, forward-thinking Europeans tongue

 

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