I know that there were rebel spies obtaining imperial knowledge (Death Star plans) but I'd like to know if there were Imperial spies inside rebel personnel in the EU and if there are stories depicting that. I think it would be relatively easy for a trained imperial spy to wreck havoc to the Rebellion from the insides. Luke is instantly made X Wing pilot in ANH, so there were not heavy criterion to join Rebel ranks, I think.
Shira Brie's story in Marvel Star Wars is very much this sort of thing. Also Agent X7 in the Rebel Force series for younger readers.
True - but not exactly "Imperial spy within the Rebellion" as the OP specified. The Empire & Rebellion comics do have an "Imperial plant" story though.